Shoulder dislocation (instability)

Global or pan-labral tears involve circumferential detachment of the labrum (anterior, posterior, and superior). These injuries often result from high-energy trauma, generalized ligamentous laxity, or multiple instability episodes. Patients present with a combination of anterior and posterior instability, pain, and clicking in multiple directions. Arthroscopic repair involves restoring the labrum around the entire glenoid, typically requiring multiple suture anchors and strategic capsular plication. This repair is technically demanding and must restore labral height and tension across the shoulder. In cases of capsular redundancy or failure, capsular reconstruction with grafts may be required to maintain joint stability.